What is the purpose of encryption in data security?

The purpose of encryption in data security is to convert data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access. This process involves using algorithms and keys to transform readable data (plaintext) into an unreadable format (ciphertext), ensuring that only those with the appropriate decryption keys can access the original information. By doing so, encryption protects sensitive data from being intercepted and accessed by unauthorized individuals, thus maintaining its confidentiality.

This mechanism is crucial in various scenarios, including data transmission over the internet, storing sensitive information on devices, and safeguarding files shared between parties. By implementing encryption, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of data breaches and unauthorized disclosures, reinforcing the overall security posture.

Other options speak to different aspects of data management and security, such as data compression, integrity assurance, and remote access, but do not directly address the fundamental purpose of encryption which is focused on confidentiality and safeguarding data from unauthorized access.