Which of the following best describes malware?

Malware, short for malicious software, encompasses a wide range of software specifically designed to harm, exploit, or compromise computer systems. This includes viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware, and spyware, all of which have harmful effects such as stealing sensitive information, disrupting system operations, or damaging files. The primary purpose of malware is to exploit system vulnerabilities for various malicious intents, ranging from financial gain to unauthorized access or data destruction.

The other choices describe software that serves positive or neutral functions, such as optimizing performance, aiding in data recovery, or enhancing productivity. These functions are not aligned with the fundamental nature of malware, which is inherently harmful and designed with malicious intent.